Page 26 - IDEA Study 10 2015 Skills Mismatches

The objective measure of overeducation is (by definition) available only for tertiary educated. By the objective measure, the lowest level of overeducation is among graduates of medicine, pharmacy, math and statistics, and electronics and automatization (less than 5% of overeducated). The highest share of objectively overeducated individuals is among individuals who studied tourism, security services and agriculture (more than 25% of overeducated, i.e. more than quarter of graduates of these fields work in ISCO 4-9 categories, i.e. not as legislators, senior officials, managers and professionals, or as technicians and associated professionals). Finally, it is important to try to compare the level of overeducation in the Czech Republic with other countries. European Commission (2012) reports that the Czech Republic has the fourth lowest level of over-qualification in the EU countries. Further, Figure 7 reports levels of the objective overeducation index for 2010 and 2013 in the EU countries. Clearly, the Czech Republic belongs to countries with one of the lowest levels of objective overeducation (17% in 2013, compared to EU-28 average of 25%), but also one of the steepest increases in the share of overeducated (by 8.5 p.p. between 2010 and 2013). Since this objective measure of overeducation might be influenced by the share of tertiary educated individuals,12 Figure 7 also reports the share of tertiary educated individuals aged 25-34 to illustrate this possible factor. Clearly, the Czech Republic belongs also to countries with the lowest share of tertiary educated young people. However, when looking at other countries, there seems to be no cross-country correlation between the share of tertiary educated and the level of overeducation – many countries have high share of young who are tertiary educated and low prevalence of overeducation. The share of tertiary educated thus does not seem to be the main factor driving the cross-country differences in objective overeducation. 12 Countries with low share of tertiary educated will probably have a lower share of tertiary educated working in the occupation, for which they are overeducated, just because there are less of them to begin with. 22