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Study 11 /2015

Wage Differences Related to Motherhood and
Children in the Family

MARIOLA PYTLIKOVÁ

Summary

 Statistical data show a persistent gender wage gap. Currently, women earn on
average 78 per cent of men’s average monthly wages. Women’s median monthly
wages amount to 85 per cent of men’s median wage.

 The largest gender wage differences can be found for employees in age categories
most likely to be affected by motherhood and parenthood duties. Specifically, for
the 35–39 age group, the gender wage gap is 32 and 27 per cent, if measured by
median monthly and hourly wages, respectively.

 Gender wage gap in the Czech Republic is also related to the number of children.
For childless employees, the difference in median monthly wages equals to 15 per
cent, and the gender wage gap increases with each additional child in the family.
The difference in median monthly wages between men and women with one child
is 20 per cent, 32 per cent between men and women with two children, and 36 per
cent between men and women with three or more children.

 Gender wage gaps is highest when children need most care and are fully
dependent on their parents. The older the children, the lower the difference;
however, the pay gap does not close down when children reach adulthood; in fact,
it still remains higher than the difference in median wages of childless employees.
The gender gap in median monthly wages is around 39 per cent for parents with
children aged 3–5; 37 per cent for parents with children aged 6–9; and 30 per cent
for parents with children aged 10–18. The wage gap between men and women
with adult children is approximately 24 per cent. The difference in median
monthly wages between childless men and women is around 15 per cent.

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